INTERACTIONS AMONG LEARNING STYLES, LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES AND GENDER OF EFL LEARNERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35961/salee.v1i01.79Keywords:
learning styles, language learning strategies, genderAbstract
Many studies have investigated isolated dimensions of learning styles (e.g. field independence/dependence) for their role in foreign language learning, but relatively few studies have used a comprehensive learning styles instrument to determine predictors of language learning strategies used by students. Hence, employing the descriptive and correlational method, this study aimed to identify students’ minor, major, and negligible learning styles, students’ usage of language learning strategies, the difference in the learning styles and language learning strategies based on gender, and the relationships among those three variables. A total of 30 students enrolling in the first year of senior high school were given two kinds of questionnaire, the Indonesian version of PLSQ and SILL. The result revealed gender differences only occurs in compensation strategy, in favor of female students. Furthermore, the correlational study revealed significant relationships between visual style and cognitive and metacognitive strategies; between auditory style and cognitive and compensation strategies. Moreover, social strategies are correlated with tactile, group, and individual styles. These findings are useful for both teacher and student to employ strategies suitable with their learning styles.
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Grenfell, M., & Harris, V. (1999). Modern languages and learning strategies in theory and practice. London: Routledge.
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Phillips, V. (1991). A look at learner strategy use and ESL proficiency. The CATESOL Journal, 4, 57-67.
Politzer, R. (1983). An exploratory study of self-reported language learning behaviors and their relation to achievement. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 6, 54-67.
Reid, J. M. (1987). The learning style preferences of ESL students. TESOL Quarterly, 21 (1), 87-111.
Rossi-Le, L. (1995). Learning styles and strategies in adult immigrant ESL students. In J. M. Reid (Ed.) Learning styles in the ESL/EFL classroom. (pp. 118-125). New York: Heinle and Heinle Publishers.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the “good language learner” can teach us. TESOL Quarterly, 9 (1), 41-51.
Rubin, J. (1987) Learner strategies: Theoretical assumptions, research history and typology. In A. Wenden and J. Rubin (Eds.), Learner strategies and language learning. (pp. 15-29). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Sunderland, J. (2000). Issues of language and gender in second and foreign language education. Language Teaching, 33(04), 203-223.
Tarone, E. (1983). Some thoughts on the notion of ‘communicative strategy’. In C. Faerch and G. Kasper (Eds.), Strategies in interlanguage communication. (pp.61-74). London: Longman.
Tabanlioglu, S. (2003). The relationship between learning styles and language learning strategies of pre-intermediate EAP students. Middle East Technical University.
Tran.T.V. (1988). Sex differences in English language acculturation and learning strategies among Vietnamese adults aged 40 and over in the United States. Sex Roles 19(11-12), 747-58.
Wharton, G. (2000). Language learning strategy use of bilingual foreign language learners in Singapore. Language Learning, 50(2), 203-243.
Young, D. J. & Oxford, R. (1997). A gender-related analysis of strategies used to process written input in the native language and a foreign language. Applied Language Learning 8(1): 43-73.
Bailey, P., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Daley, C. E. (2000). Using learning style to predict foreign language achievement at the college level. System, 28(1), 115–133.
Behabadi, F. (2013). Learning styles and characteristics of good language learners in the iranian context ( a study on ielts participants ). International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, 4(2), 41–49.
Boyle, J. P. (1987). Sex differences in listening vocabulary. Language Learning 37(1), 273-84
Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching (fourth). Pearson Education.
Brown, H. D. (1994) Principles of language learning and teaching (third edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents.
Burstall, C. (1975). Factors affecting foreign language learning: a consideration of some recent research findings. Language Teaching and Linguistic, 8, 5
Carson, J.G., & A. Longhini. (2002). Focusing on learning styles and strategies: a diary study in an immersion setting, Language Learning 52(2), 401-38.
Clark, A. (1998). Gender on the agenda: factors motivating boys and girls in MFLs. London: CiLT
Ehrman, M.E., and R.L. Oxford. (1990). adult language learning styles and strategies in an intensive training setting, Modern Language Journal 74(3), 311-27.
Ehrman, M., & Leaver, B. (2003). Cognitive styles in the service of language learning. System, 31, 393–415.
Grenfell, M., & Harris, V. (1999). Modern languages and learning strategies in theory and practice. London: Routledge.
Keefe, J. W. (1979). Learning style: An overview. In J. W. Keefe (Ed.) Student learning styles: Diagnosing and prescribing program. Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary School Principals.
Littlemore, J. (2001). An empirical study of the relationship between cognitive style and the use of communication strategy, Applied Linguistics 22(2), 241-65.
Noguchi, T. (1991). Review of language learning strategy: research and its implications. Unpublished bachelor’s thesis, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
Nyikos, M. (1990). Sex-related differences in adult language learning: socialisation and memory factors. Tlie Modem Language Journal, 74(3), 273-8
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Boston: Heinle and Heinle.
Oxford, R. (1994). La difference continue....: gender differences in second/foreign language learning styles and strategies. In J. Sunderland (2000).
Oxford, R. L., Park-Oh, Y., Ito, S., & Sumrall, M. (1993a). Factors affecting achievement in a satellite delivered Japanese language program. American Journal of Distance Education, 7, 10-25.
Oxford, R. L., Park-Oh, Y., Ito, S., & Sumrall, M. (1993b). Learning a language by satellite: What influences achievement? System, 21(1), 31-48.
Oxford, R. (1995). Style Analysis Survey. In Learning styles in the ESL/EFL classroom. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.03.017
Park, G. (1994). Language learning strategies: Why do adults need them? Manuscript, University of Texas at Austin.
Phillips, V. (1991). A look at learner strategy use and ESL proficiency. The CATESOL Journal, 4, 57-67.
Politzer, R. (1983). An exploratory study of self-reported language learning behaviors and their relation to achievement. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 6, 54-67.
Reid, J. M. (1987). The learning style preferences of ESL students. TESOL Quarterly, 21 (1), 87-111.
Rossi-Le, L. (1995). Learning styles and strategies in adult immigrant ESL students. In J. M. Reid (Ed.) Learning styles in the ESL/EFL classroom. (pp. 118-125). New York: Heinle and Heinle Publishers.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the “good language learner” can teach us. TESOL Quarterly, 9 (1), 41-51.
Rubin, J. (1987) Learner strategies: Theoretical assumptions, research history and typology. In A. Wenden and J. Rubin (Eds.), Learner strategies and language learning. (pp. 15-29). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Sunderland, J. (2000). Issues of language and gender in second and foreign language education. Language Teaching, 33(04), 203-223.
Tarone, E. (1983). Some thoughts on the notion of ‘communicative strategy’. In C. Faerch and G. Kasper (Eds.), Strategies in interlanguage communication. (pp.61-74). London: Longman.
Tabanlioglu, S. (2003). The relationship between learning styles and language learning strategies of pre-intermediate EAP students. Middle East Technical University.
Tran.T.V. (1988). Sex differences in English language acculturation and learning strategies among Vietnamese adults aged 40 and over in the United States. Sex Roles 19(11-12), 747-58.
Wharton, G. (2000). Language learning strategy use of bilingual foreign language learners in Singapore. Language Learning, 50(2), 203-243.
Young, D. J. & Oxford, R. (1997). A gender-related analysis of strategies used to process written input in the native language and a foreign language. Applied Language Learning 8(1): 43-73.
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Published
2020-01-20
How to Cite
Atika, R. N. (2020). INTERACTIONS AMONG LEARNING STYLES, LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES AND GENDER OF EFL LEARNERS. SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education, 1(1), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.35961/salee.v1i01.79
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