Kritik al-Attas terhadap Faham Barat: Suatu Tinjauan Historis-Filosofis

Abstract

The article reflects on the Attasian perspective and epistemology of the West, by highlighting the critique of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas of Western secularism and the production of its modern secular outlook that projected Hellenistic influence on its intellectual and historical tradition, arising from its physical and materialistic concern which contradict with Islamic teaching of ethics and morality and its metaphysical worldview.  It looks into its doctrinal impact on Muslim spiritual life which has caused confusion and error in their vision of reality and truth. The study is based on descriptive-qualitative approaches in the form of literature and documentary survey. The data were analyzed using inductive and deductive method by way of analytic, historical, empirical, hermeneutical, and philological technique. The finding reveals that al-Attas’s critique of the West was designed to dismantle its dewesternization and desecularization framework and its ideological impact on Muslim society. Its discursive ground was argued in his work Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam (1995) that defined “Islamic psychology, Islamic cosmology and Islamic ontology” that articulate its nature and difference from Western philosophy influenced by the Western-Christian thought embedded in its religious experience that make up its substance, premises and values.